Basic grammar · lesson 8 of 35

G08 · ません, ました, ませんでした

Goal: say no and talk about the past (6 example sentences).

Before you start

The sentences only use words you already know from hiragana, katakana and the beginner level.

This lesson assumes what you saw in the earlier ones. If something feels shaky, go back to it:

What you learn

〜ません/〜ました/〜ませんでした

The verb ending changes: ます (yes, now), ません (no), ました (yes, in the past) and ませんでした (no, in the past). The stem stays: たべます, たべません, たべました, たべませんでした.

Examples

Practice

Two rounds: first you pick what each sentence means; then you complete it with the missing form.

Reading in context

A short text written only with the kana and grammar you already know. Read it and answer.

A friend says what he did on Sunday:

にちようびは えいがを みました。しごとは しませんでした。

  1. What did he do?