GE02 · Giving and receiving
Goal: say who gives what to whom (6 example sentences).
Before you start
The sentences use words you already know, up to the elementary level, and assume basic grammar.
This lesson assumes what you saw in the earlier ones. If something feels shaky, go back to it:
What you learn
〜に あげます／〜に もらいます／〜が くれます
- あげましたgave (to someone)
- もらいましたreceived
- くれましたgave (to me)
- にto (giving), from (receiving)
あげる is giving to someone else: ともだちに ほんを あげました. もらう is receiving, and the giver takes に: ともだちに ほんを もらいました. くれる is when someone gives something to you: ともだちが ほんを くれました.
Examples
- ともだちに ほんを あげました。tomodachi ni hon o agemashita.I gave my friend a book.
- せんせいに てがみを もらいました。sensei ni tegami o moraimashita.I got a letter from the teacher.
- ともだちが しゃしんを くれました。tomodachi ga shashin o kuremashita.My friend gave me a photo.
- せんせいに おみやげを あげました。sensei ni omiyage o agemashita.I gave the teacher a souvenir.
- ともだちに かさを もらいました。tomodachi ni kasa o moraimashita.I got an umbrella from my friend.
- せんせいが じしょを くれました。sensei ga jisho o kuremashita.The teacher gave me a dictionary.
Practice
Two rounds: first you pick what each sentence means; then you complete it with the missing form.
Reading in context
A short text written only with the kana and grammar you already know. Read it and answer.
A girl shows her friend something new:
おかあさんが かばんを くれました。
okaasan ga kaban o kuremashita.
Where did the bag come from?
Translation
My mum gave me a bag.