GE09 · 〜て あります／〜て おきます

Before you start

The sentences use words you already know, up to the elementary level, and assume basic grammar.

This lesson assumes what you saw in the earlier ones. If something feels shaky, go back to it:

• GE01say what you can do
• GE02say who gives what to whom
• GE03say what happens if or when
• GE04say what something looks like
• GE05say something is done or happened by mistake
• GE06say what always happens when…
• GE07say something happens anyway
• GE08speak as among friends

What you learn

〜て あります／〜て おきます

• ありますhas been done (left that way)
• おきますdo in advance

〜て あります says how something is because someone left it that way: まどが あけて あります (the window is open; someone opened it). 〜て おきます is doing something in advance: よやくを して おきます (I'll book beforehand). This おきます is not the one from おきる (get up).

• まどが あけて あります。mado ga akete arimasu.The window has been opened.
• でんきが けして あります。denki ga keshite arimasu.The light has been turned off.
• なまえが かいて あります。namae ga kaite arimasu.The name has been written.
• よやくを して おきます。yoyaku o shite okimasu.I'll book in advance.
• しりょうを よんで おきます。shiryou o yonde okimasu.I'll read the materials beforehand.
• みずを かって おきます。mizu o katte okimasu.I'll buy some water just in case.

Practice

A short text written only with the kana and grammar you already know. Read it and answer.