GE18 · Should: 〜はずです

Before you start

The sentences use words you already know, up to the elementary level, and assume basic grammar.

This lesson assumes what you saw in the earlier ones. If something feels shaky, go back to it:

• GE01say what you can do
• GE02say who gives what to whom
• GE03say what happens if or when
• GE04say what something looks like
• GE05say something is done or happened by mistake
• GE06say what always happens when…
• GE07say something happens anyway
• GE08speak as among friends
• GE09say how things are left and prepare
• GE10say what happens if…
• GE11say what is done to you
• GE12say someone makes or lets another do something
• GE13say what you've decided to do
• GE14say what you have to do
• GE15give several reasons
• GE16say something might happen
• GE17say what is likely

What you learn

〜はずです

• はずshould (it's expected)

はずです says what you expect to be the case from what you know: ぶちょうは くる はずです (the boss should come; he said so). It follows the plain form; nouns take の (やすみの はず) and な-adjectives な (かんたんな はず). Don't confuse it with つもり (G35), your own intention.

• ぶちょうは くる はずです。buchou wa kuru hazu desu.The boss should be coming.
• あしたは やすみの はずです。ashita wa yasumi no hazu desu.Tomorrow should be a day off.
• レストランは やすい はずです。resutoran wa yasui hazu desu.The restaurant should be cheap.
• にもつは きょう とどく はずです。nimotsu wa kyou todoku hazu desu.The parcel should arrive today.
• しゅくだいは かんたんな はずです。shukudai wa kantan na hazu desu.The homework should be easy.
• くすりを のんだから、なおる はずです。kusuri o nonda kara, naoru hazu desu.As you took the medicine, you should get better.

Practice

A short text written only with the kana and grammar you already know. Read it and answer.